Break-Even Calculator

Calculate the sales volume needed to cover all costs and start making profit.

Break-even calculations are for planning purposes only. Actual results depend on market conditions, pricing strategy, and cost management. Consult a financial advisor for business planning.

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Rent, salaries, subscriptions

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Materials, shipping per unit

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How many units to sell to reach this profit

Break-Even Units

Break-Even Revenue

Contribution Margin

Gross Margin

To Reach $ Profit

Units Required

Revenue Required

Profit at Various Sales Volumes

Units Sold Revenue Total Cost Profit / Loss
Note: Selling price must be higher than variable cost per unit to break even.

How It Works

Enter your fixed costs, variable cost per unit, and selling price per unit. The calculator shows your break-even point in units and revenue, plus a profit/loss chart across different sales volumes.

**Break-Even Calculator — Know Exactly When You Start Making Money**

Break-even analysis is one of the most fundamental calculations in business. It tells you the minimum sales volume required to cover all your costs — the point where you transition from loss to profit. Every entrepreneur, product manager, and financial analyst should understand this calculation.

**The Break-Even Formula**

Break-Even Point (units) = Fixed Costs / (Selling Price − Variable Cost per Unit)

The denominator (Selling Price − Variable Cost) is called the Contribution Margin — the amount each unit sold contributes toward covering fixed costs and generating profit.

Example:
- Fixed Costs: £5,000/month (rent, salaries, software)
- Selling Price: £25 per unit
- Variable Cost: £10 per unit (materials, packaging, shipping)
- Contribution Margin: £25 − £10 = £15
- Break-Even Point: £5,000 / £15 = 334 units/month

**Fixed vs. Variable Costs**

*Fixed costs* don't change with production volume:
- Rent and utilities
- Staff salaries
- Software subscriptions
- Insurance
- Loan repayments

*Variable costs* change proportionally with output:
- Raw materials
- Packaging
- Shipping and fulfilment
- Sales commissions
- Payment processing fees

**Break-Even in Revenue**

Break-Even Revenue = Fixed Costs / ((Selling Price − Variable Cost) / Selling Price)
= Fixed Costs / Contribution Margin Ratio

**Why Break-Even Analysis Matters**

*New product launches* — Before investing in production capacity, calculate whether realistic sales volumes can achieve break-even in a reasonable timeframe.

*Pricing decisions* — Lowering prices reduces the contribution margin and raises the break-even point. This tool shows exactly how much more you need to sell to compensate for a price reduction.

*Cost reduction* — Reducing fixed or variable costs lowers the break-even point. This tool quantifies the impact of any cost reduction.

*Business survival planning* — During downturns, knowing your break-even point tells you the minimum revenue needed to survive.

**Break-Even Limitations**

1. Assumes a single product (or constant product mix) — multi-product businesses need a weighted average contribution margin.
2. Assumes selling price and variable cost per unit are constant — discounts and bulk pricing complicate this.
3. Doesn't account for cash flow timing — you may need to fund losses before reaching break-even.
4. Fixed costs may change at different production levels (step costs).

**Margin of Safety**

Margin of Safety = Current Sales − Break-Even Sales

This tells you how far sales can fall before you start losing money. A larger margin of safety means your business is more resilient to downturns.

Frequently Asked Questions

The break-even point is the sales volume at which total revenue equals total costs — where you make neither profit nor loss. Sales above this point generate profit; below it, a loss.
Contribution margin is the selling price minus variable cost per unit. It represents what each unit sale contributes toward covering fixed costs and generating profit.
Reduce fixed costs, reduce variable costs per unit, or increase your selling price. Our calculator shows the impact of each change instantly.
Yes. For service businesses, use hours as your "units". Variable cost per hour might include contractor costs or materials; fixed costs include rent, staff salaries, and overheads.
The margin of safety is current sales minus break-even sales — how far sales can fall before you start losing money. A 20%+ margin of safety is generally considered healthy.